https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46773 Wed 30 Nov 2022 13:14:41 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47871  0.5 and diabetes comorbidity were the most significant predictors of hypertension presence, awareness and treatment. Individuals with diabetes were twice as likely to have hypertension, 7.0 times more likely to be aware, 3.3 times more likely to be on antihypertensive medication, and 2.4 times more likely to be controlled on medication. Women and individuals reporting lower salt use were more likely to be aware and treated for hypertension. Applying the 2017 AHA/ACC hypertension guidelines showed only 1 in 4 adults had normal BP. As with HIV, similarly intensive efforts are now needed in the region to improve non-communicable disease diagnosis and management.]]> Wed 28 Feb 2024 14:59:16 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48238 Wed 28 Feb 2024 14:45:31 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45063 p< 0.01) reduced the risk of dying, after adjusting for potential confounders. While, not counting on someone to trust (HR= 1.59; p< 0.03) and having a sense a lack of control over important decisions in life increased the mortality risk. Conclusions: Given that frailty and the SDH affect health using independent pathways, public health systems in Mexico could benefit from increasing the capacity of identifying frail and isolated older adults and providing a risk-stratified health care accordingly.]]> Wed 26 Oct 2022 11:43:11 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:35869 Wed 24 May 2023 12:57:32 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24360 Wed 23 Nov 2016 12:02:55 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24951 Wed 17 Nov 2021 16:32:49 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29679 Wed 17 Nov 2021 16:31:51 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34696 Wed 17 Nov 2021 16:30:20 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43208 Wed 14 Sep 2022 12:35:36 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49620 Wed 14 Jun 2023 18:32:55 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43158 Wed 14 Jun 2023 09:50:31 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29597 Wed 13 Mar 2024 18:28:20 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:54483 Wed 13 Mar 2024 07:46:50 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52433 Wed 11 Oct 2023 14:47:33 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22816 Wed 11 Apr 2018 17:09:56 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22846 Wed 11 Apr 2018 16:46:51 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26188 Wed 11 Apr 2018 16:10:18 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22913 Wed 11 Apr 2018 15:47:30 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25574 Wed 11 Apr 2018 15:29:14 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22891 Wed 11 Apr 2018 15:21:56 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:15671 Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:48:42 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:15134 Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:44:25 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:11174 Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:27:53 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:15101 Wed 11 Apr 2018 14:12:56 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20700 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:36:55 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29497 Wed 11 Apr 2018 12:30:49 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30728 n = 6746; mean age 58 years old; SD 17; 41% men; 31% hypertensive) and South Africa (n = 3776, mean age 54 years old; SD 17; 32% men; 45% hypertensive). South Africans were more likely than Ghanaians to add salt to food at the table (OR 4.80, CI 4.071–5.611, p < 0.001) but less likely to add salt to food during cooking (OR 0.16, CI 0.130–0.197, p < 0.001). South Africans were also less likely to take action to control their salt intake (OR 0.436, CI 0.379–0.488, p < 0.001). Considering the various salt reduction initiatives of South Africa that have been largely absent in Ghana, this study supports additional efforts to raise consumer awareness on discretionary salt use and behaviour change in both countries]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 11:24:40 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26462 Wed 11 Apr 2018 11:12:47 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:11229 Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:52:09 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17447 Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:46:08 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:15144 Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:44:00 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22199 distribution of socio-demographic factors. Approximately 55% of the inequality results from differences in the effects of the determinants. Conclusions: There is an urgent need for data and methodologies that can identify how social, biological and other factors separately contribute to the health decrements facing men and women as they age. This study highlights the need for action to address social structures and institutional practices that impact unfairly on the health of older men and women.]]> Wed 11 Apr 2018 10:32:18 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22815 Wed 11 Apr 2018 09:51:58 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49277 Wed 10 May 2023 12:24:12 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49272 50 years old) at follow-up. Data were drawn from the first and second waves of the World Health Organization's Study on global AGEing and adult health. Self-report data captured sleep duration over two nights, and five cognitive tests (immediate and delayed verbal recall, forward and backward digit span, and verbal fluency) were used to measure various cognitive domains and create a composite z-score of cognitive performance. Linear regressions were performed to assess associations between sleep length changes and cognitive decline, controlling for relevant lifestyle and health factors. Increased sleep durations at follow-up among individuals who reported intermediate sleep durations (6-9 h/night) at baseline were significantly associated with greater rates of decline in overall cognitive function. Longer sleepers also trended toward greater rates of decline for attention/working memory and executive function. This study suggests that long sleep durations are a risk factor for certain types of impaired cognition among older adults living in a middle-income country. These findings are clinically important given the growing rates of dementia and aging populations globally.]]> Wed 10 May 2023 12:10:15 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34084 Wed 04 Sep 2019 09:56:42 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33617 Wed 04 Sep 2019 09:39:14 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48110 Tue 28 Feb 2023 15:58:44 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43642 Tue 27 Sep 2022 09:38:50 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41975 Tue 16 Aug 2022 15:48:47 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41958 Tue 16 Aug 2022 14:38:43 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41926 Tue 16 Aug 2022 11:18:05 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47044 Tue 13 Dec 2022 14:22:25 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44251 Tue 11 Oct 2022 12:28:43 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43874 Tue 04 Oct 2022 12:29:04 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:35029 Tue 04 Jun 2019 14:19:50 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34764 Tue 03 Sep 2019 18:09:45 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33979 Thu 21 Oct 2021 12:52:18 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39149 n = 12), we developed an indirect ELISA to measure TPO-Ab levels from one 3-mm DBS punch. The sensitivity and specificity of our assay for DBS samples ranged from 91.7–100% and 98.2–98.8%, respectively, using a cut-off value of ≥ 26 IU/mL. Intra-assay reliability for duplicate quality control DBS punches was 5.2%, while inter-assay reliability ranged from 11.5–24.4% for high, medium, and low DBS controls. Dilutional linearity ranged from 80 to 120%, and spike and recovery experiments indicated that the DBS matrix does not interfere with the detection of TPO-Ab. TPO-Ab levels remained stable in DBS samples stored at − 28 °C or − 80 °C, but decreased over time in DBS samples kept at 22 °C or at 37 °C. Conclusions: We developed an in-house, kit-independent indirect ELISA assay to determine individuals’ TPO-Ab positivity based on dried blood spots, representing a cost-effective method with potential applications in a range of research settings.]]> Thu 19 May 2022 15:40:39 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25618 Thu 17 Feb 2022 09:25:42 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51064 Thu 17 Aug 2023 10:19:51 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40549 Thu 14 Jul 2022 14:49:19 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40074 n = 1831) to evaluate if inflammation and central adiposity mediate the relationship between depression and diabetes. Methods: Depression was estimated using a behavior-based diagnostic algorithm, inflammation using venous dried blood spot (DBS) CRP, central adiposity using waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and uncontrolled diabetes using venous DBS-glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Results: The association between depression and uncontrolled diabetes was partially mediated by CRP before but not after WHtR was considered. When WHtR was added to the model, it partially mediated the relationship between diabetes and depression while fully mediating the relationship between depression and CRP. Conclusions: These findings suggest that central adiposity may be a more significant mediator between diabetes and depression than inflammation and account for the relationship between these disorders and inflammation. Depression may cause an increase in central adiposity, which then may lead to diabetes, but the increase in known systemic inflammatory pathways caused by central adiposity may not be the key pathological mechanism.]]> Thu 14 Jul 2022 12:29:11 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36055 Thu 13 Jan 2022 10:32:01 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30857 Thu 13 Jan 2022 10:30:13 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37424 Thu 12 Nov 2020 18:13:51 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32041 Thu 09 Dec 2021 11:03:55 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34059 2.5) and smoking and their combined (interactive) effects on depression. Method: Multilevel logistic regression analysis of baseline data of a prospective cohort study (n=41 785). The 3-year average concentrations of PM_2.5 were estimated using US National Aeronautics and Space Administration satellite data, and depression was diagnosed using a standardised questionnaire. Three-level logistic regression models were applied to examine the associations with depression. Results: The odds ratio (OR) for depression was 1.09 (95% Cl 1.01-1.17) per 10μg/m³ increase in ambient PM_2.5, and the association remained after adjusting for potential confounding factors (adjusted OR=1.10, 95% CI 1.02-1.19). Tobacco smoking (smoking status, frequency, duration and amount) was also significantly associated with depression. There appeared to be a synergistic interaction between ambient PM 2.5 and smoking on depression in the additive model, but the interaction was not statistically significant in the multiplicative model. Conclusions: Our study suggests that exposure to ambient PM_2.5 may increase the risk of depression, and smoking may enhance this effect.]]> Thu 09 Dec 2021 11:03:15 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38459 Thu 08 Jun 2023 15:45:05 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46909 Thu 08 Dec 2022 08:26:11 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52201 Thu 05 Oct 2023 10:08:44 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34713 2.5) has been linked to increased stroke. Few studies, however, have examined the effects of long-term exposure. Methods: A total of 45 625 participants were interviewed and included in this study, the participants came from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health, a prospective cohort in 6 low- and middle-income countries. Ambient PM_2.5 levels were estimated for participants' communities using satellite data. A multilevel logistic regression model was used to examine the association between long-term PM_2.5 exposure and stroke. Potential effect modification by physical activity and consumption of fruit and vegetables was assessed. Results: The odds of stroke were 1.13 (95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.22) for each 10 µg/m³ increase in PM_2.5. This effect remained after adjustment for confounding factors including age, sex, smoking, and indoor air pollution (adjusted odds ratio=1.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.21). Further stratified analyses suggested that participants with higher levels of physical activity had greater odds of stroke, whereas those with higher consumption of fruit and vegetables had lower odds of stroke. These effects remained robust in sensitivity analyses. We further estimated that 6.55% (95% confidence interval, 1.97%-12.01%) of the stroke cases could be attributable to ambient PM_2.5 in the study population. Conclusions: This study suggests that ambient PM_2.5 may increase the risk of stroke and may be responsible for the astounding stroke burden in low- and middle-income countries. In addition, greater physical activity may enhance, whereas greater consumption of fruit and vegetables may mitigate the effect.]]> Thu 04 Nov 2021 10:40:23 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21760 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:53:07 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26364 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:33:08 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29662 n = 18 886; ELSA, n = 9181; HRS, n = 19 303; and SHARE, n = 29 917. The microdata, along with further details about the harmonization process and all metadata, are available through the World Health Organization (WHO) data archive at [http://apps.who.int/healthinfo/systems/surveydata/index.php/catalog]. Further information and enquiries can be made to [sagesurvey@who.int] or the corresponding author. The data resource will continue to be updated with data across additional waves of these surveys and new waves.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:32:18 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25685 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:28:23 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22535 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:15:42 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22820 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:15:23 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24780 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:14:07 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24781 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:14:06 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23069 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:12:27 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24621 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:11:54 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:22633 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:11:27 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24991 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:09:56 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38481 2) on haemoglobin concentrations and the prevalence of anaemia, respectively, among 10,611 older Chinese adults enrolled in World Health Organization (WHO) Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) China. The average community exposure to ambient air pollutants (PM with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 μm or less (PM₁₀), 2.5 μm or less (PM_2.5), 1 μm or less (PM₁) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)) for each participant was estimated using a satellite-based spatial statistical model. Haemoglobin levels were measured for participants from dried blood spots. The models were controlled for confounders. Results: All the studied pollutants were significantly associated with increased anaemia prevalence in single pollutant model (e.g., the prevalence ratios associated with an increase in inter quartile range in three years moving average PM₁₀ (1.05; 95% CI: 1.02–1.09), PM_2.5 (1.11; 95% CI: 1.06–1.16), PM₁ (1.13; 95% CI: 1.06–1.20) and NO₂(1.42; 95% CI: 1.34–1.49), respectively. These air pollutants were also associated with lower concentrations of haemoglobin: PM₁₀ (−0.53; 95% CI: −0.67, −0.38); PM_2.5 (−0.52; 95% CI: −0.71, −0.33); PM₁ (−0.55; 95% CI: −0.69, −0.41); NO₂ (−1.71; 95% CI: −1.85, −1.57) respectively. Conclusions: Air pollution exposure was significantly associated with increased prevalence of anaemia and decreased haemoglobin levels in a cohort of older Chinese adults.]]> Mon 29 Jan 2024 18:02:14 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51984 Mon 25 Sep 2023 14:57:03 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32808 Mon 23 Sep 2019 10:55:19 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32392 Mon 23 Sep 2019 10:46:36 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53933 Mon 22 Jan 2024 16:51:37 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53930 Mon 22 Jan 2024 16:50:49 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:18662 Mon 20 Jul 2015 17:06:21 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43425 P < .001). Conclusions: Noting the strong association between depression and other chronic diseases in our sample of older adults from 6 LMICs, additional vigilance and screening through informal and formal health care systems would help to decrease the impact of comorbidity on the health and well-being of older populations.]]> Mon 19 Sep 2022 08:40:18 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41908 95% 1.11–1.48), and also the tertiles of disability (2nd tertile: OR = 1.45, CI_95% 1.23–1.70; 3rd tertile: OR = 2.19, CI_95% 1.81–2.66). The presence of multimorbidity was associated with an increase of 13% in average OOP health costs (β = 0.13, CI_95% 0.01–0.25), and 16% for the 3rd tertile of disability (β = 0.16, CI_95% 0.01–0.31). We did not find significant interaction effects of multimorbidity and disability. Conclusions: Multimorbidity and disability appear to be important determinants of OOP health expenditures. The economic implications for the households and the health system should be highlighted, particularly in low- and middle-income countries because of the rapid growth of their aging populations.]]> Mon 15 Aug 2022 15:11:20 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:35027 9 g/day. Results: Median daily sodium excretion was equivalent to 6.3 g salt/day (range 1–43 g/day); 35% had urinary sodium excretion values within the desirable range (<5 g salt/day), 37% had high values (5–9 g salt/day) and 28% had very high values (>9 g salt/day). Median UIC was 130 µg/L (IQR=58–202), indicating population iodine sufficiency (≥100 µg/L). Both UIC and UIE differed across salt intake categories (p<0.001) and were positively correlated with estimated salt intake (r=0.166 and 0.552, respectively; both p<0.001). Participants with salt intakes of <5 g/day were not meeting the Estimated Average Requirement for iodine intake (95 µg/day). Conclusions: In a nationally representative sample of South African adults, the association between indicators of population iodine status (UIC and UIE) and salt intake, estimated using 24-hour urinary sodium excretion, indicate that low salt intakes may compromise adequacy of iodine intakes in a country with mandatory iodisation of table salt. The iodine status of populations undergoing salt reduction strategies needs to be closely monitored to prevent re-emergence of iodine deficiency.]]> Mon 03 Jun 2019 14:03:50 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36065 Mon 03 Feb 2020 14:54:13 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50071 Fri 30 Jun 2023 11:20:29 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45440 Fri 28 Oct 2022 12:58:16 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46576 n = 10,892, 52.8% women). We calculated country-specific prevalence of low grip strength, slow GS (≤ 0.8 m/s), and both measures combined. Using multivariable negative binomial regression, we separately assessed associations between low grip strength, slow GS, and both measures combined, with the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0, accounting for selected socioeconomic factors. In women, low grip strength ranged from 7 in South Africa to 51% in India; in men, it ranged from 17 in Russia to 51% in Mexico. Country-specific proportions of slow GS ranged from 77 in Russia, to 33% in China. The concomitant presence of both was the lowest in South Africa and the highest in India (12.3% vs. 33%). Independent of age, those with both low grip strength and slow GS had between 1.2- and 1.5-fold worse functional disability scores, independent of comorbidities, low education, and low wealth (all country-dependent). Low grip strength, slow GS, and the combination of both, were all associated with higher levels of functional disability, thus indicating these objective measures offer a reasonably robust estimate for potential poor health outcomes.]]> Fri 23 Jun 2023 12:19:34 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38012 Fri 23 Jul 2021 15:12:53 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36620 Fri 22 Apr 2022 10:19:51 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25497 Fri 15 Oct 2021 10:58:38 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40055 2) and obesity (BMI ≥30.00 kg/m²) among older adults in Ghana. Data were used from a nationally representative, multistage sample of 3350 people aged 50+ years from the World Health Organization’s Study on global AGEing and adult health (WHO-SAGE; 2014/15). Health service utilization was measured by the number of health facility visits over a 12-month period. Direct costs (2017 US dollars) included out-of-pocket payments and the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) claims. Associations between utilization and BMI were examined using multivariable zero-inflated negative binomial regressions; and between costs and BMI using multivariable two-part regressions. Twenty-three percent were overweight and 13% were obese. Compared with normal-weight participants, overweight and obesity were associated with 75% and 159% more inpatient admissions, respectively. Obesity was also associated with 53% additional outpatient visits. One in five of the overweight and obese population had at least one chronic disease, and having chronic disease was associated with increased outpatient utilization. The average per person total costs for overweight was $78 and obesity was $132 compared with $35 for normal weight. The NHIS bore approximately 60% of the average total costs per person expended in 2014/15. Overweight and obese groups had significantly higher total direct healthcare costs burden of $121 million compared with $64 million for normal weight in the entire older adult Ghanaian population. Compared with normal weight, the total costs per person associated with overweight increased by 73% and more than doubled for obesity. Even though the total prevalence of overweight and obesity was about half of that of normal weight, the sum of their cost burden was almost doubled. Implementing weight reduction measures could reduce health service utilization and costs in this population.]]> Fri 15 Jul 2022 10:04:21 AEST ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36378 Fri 03 Apr 2020 16:17:31 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:31485 Fri 01 Apr 2022 09:28:42 AEDT ]]> https://ogma.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34289 6 months) include age, OR = 2.40 [95% CI 1.08-5.37] for those aged 80 years and above, urban respondents, OR = 0.6 [95%CI 0.38-0.94], HIV-positive respondents, OR = 0.33 [95%CI 0.18-0.59], and better health. To understand the meaning of these finding, further investigation should examine (a) how best to define and measure older persons' health-care service needs and (b) older persons' decision-making processes around the timing of their access to health-care facilities.]]> Fri 01 Apr 2022 09:22:12 AEDT ]]>